Back to the Science with Dr Susan Oliver

Two papers have recently been published in the journal, Science, which put together a compelling argument that SARS-CoV-2 emerged at the Huanan seafood market in two separate spillover events. So, is this enough to finally put to bed the lab leak theory? In this video, Dr Susan Oliver and Cindy the dog go over the key findings of the two papers, as well as some of the criticisms that have emerged and if they are valid. Buy me a coffee https://www.buymeacoffee.com/SusanAndJulie Chapters: 0:00 Introduction 1:30 Overview of 2 Science papers 2:46 Evidence for 2 separate spillover events 3:45 Evidence for Huanan market being epicentre 5:59 Not just super spreader event 7:06 Samples and cases linked to live animal stalls 8:06 Criticisms of papers 8:25 Still consistent with lab leak? 10:26 Peer review changes 11:07 Insults and conspiracy claims 12:35 Not found directly in market animals 13:07 Ascertainment bias? Links to data: The Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market in Wuhan was the early epicenter of the COVID-19 pandemic https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abp8715 The molecular epidemiology of multiple zoonotic origins of SARS-CoV-2 https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abp8337 Dissecting the early COVID-19 cases in Wuhan https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abm4454 Shi Zhengli Reply to Science Magazine https://www.science.org/pb-assets/PDF/News%20PDFs/Shi%20Zhengli%20Q&A-1630433861.pdf Australian scientist, the sole foreign researcher at the Wuhan lab, speaks out https://www.smh.com.au/world/asia/australian-scientist-the-sole-foreign-researcher-at-the-wuhan-lab-speaks-out-20210628-p584sv.html Animal sales from Wuhan wet markets immediately prior to the COVID-19 pandemic https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-91470-2

A recent study out of Singapore, which was published in NEJM, shows unequivocally that Covid vaccines benefit children aged 5 to 11, and yet, Dr John Campbell has managed to spin it to falsely suggest that it shows the opposite. In this video, Dr Susan Oliver and Cindy the dog show why Dr Campbell is wrong and how he has gone beyond comparing apples with oranges to comparing apples with dinosaurs. Buy me a coffee https://www.buymeacoffee.com/SusanAndJulie Links to data: Effectiveness of BNT162b2 Vaccine against Omicron in Children 5 to 11 Years of Age https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2203209 HSA’s COVID-19 Vaccine Safety Update #11 (30 December 2020 – 28 February 2022) https://www.hsa.gov.sg/Docs/Default-Source/Hprg-Vcb/Safety-Update-On-Covid19-Vaccines/Hsa-Safety-Update-No-11-On-Covid-19-Vaccines-(28-February-2022).Pdf Post–COVID-19 Conditions Among Children 90 Days After SARS-CoV-2 Infection https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/2794484 Long-COVID in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analyses https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-13495-5 US Deaths by Age Group https://covid.cdc.gov/covid-data-tracker/#demographics US Deaths by Age Group – data broken down by year or month https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/vsrr/covid_weekly/index.htm#SexAndAge

In this video, Dr Susan Oliver and Cindy the dog look at why people believe misinformation and conspiracy theories and what motivates grifters to spread them. Buy me a coffee https://www.buymeacoffee.com/SusanAndJulie Videos about ivermectin misinformation vs The Science: Can ivermectin cure cancer? https://youtu.be/oJLiika8EBo Ivermectin in Brazil – A tale of two studies (Part 1 - Itajai) https://youtu.be/zXq6NAZ1mls Ivermectin in Brazil – A tale of two studies (Part 2 – TOGETHER Trial) https://youtu.be/fnBoQDo35VY Fake ivermectin meta-analysis (ivmmeta) vs The Science https://youtu.be/v_1mmnRm7EU Science mistakes made by ivermectin fans (Part 1) https://youtu.be/-zWK_-4mfXs Science mistakes made by ivermectin fans (Part 2) https://youtu.be/AjIsvafVQzs Science mistakes made by ivermectin fans (Part 3) https://youtu.be/j4sqEX_29Fc @Debunk the Funk with Dr. Wilson Reviewing “The Real Anthony Fauci” https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLhjSYYRGNprZRgx3u4ps7QHWutw3wX49h Chapters: 0:00 Introduction 3:09 How conspiracy research is done 4:22 Psychological motivations 7:13 Cognitive processes 8:09 Low critical thinking ability 8:46 Depressive symptoms 9:56 Demographics of misinformation believers 11:00 Making money from misinformation Links to data: The Psychology of Conspiracy Theories https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/0963721417718261 Connecting the dots: Illusory pattern perception predicts belief in conspiracies and the supernatural https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ejsp.2331 Connecting the dots: how personal need for structure produces false consumer pattern perceptions https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11002-014-9332-z Note on the Drawing Power of Crowds of Different Size https://www.researchgate.net/publication/232493453_Note_on_the_Drawing_Power_of_Crowds_of_Different_Size Why Education Predicts Decreased Belief in Conspiracy Theories https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/acp.3301 Maybe a free thinker but not a critical one: High conspiracy belief is associated with low critical thinking ability https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/acp.3790 Looking under the tinfoil hat: Clarifying the personological and psychopathological correlates of conspiracy beliefs https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/jopy.12588 Too special to be duped: Need for uniqueness motivates conspiracy beliefs https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/ejsp.2265 Association of Major Depressive Symptoms With Endorsement of COVID-19 Vaccine Misinformation Among US Adults https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/2788284 Substack generates at least $2.5 million in revenue from anti-vaccine newsletters per year https://counterhate.com/blog/substack-generates-at-least-2-5-million-in-revenue-from-anti-vaccine-newsletters-per-year/ Online misinformation is linked to early COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy and refusal https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-10070-w COVID-19 Vaccine Misperceptions in a Community Sample of Adults Aged 18–49 Years in Australia https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/11/6883 Physician COVID-19 Vaccination Study (Final Report) https://www.ama-assn.org/system/files/2021-06/physician-vaccination-study-topline-report.pdf Substack generates at least $2.5 million in revenue from anti-vaccine newsletters per year https://counterhate.com/blog/substack-generates-at-least-2-5-million-in-revenue-from-anti-vaccine-newsletters-per-year/ Network of right-wing health care providers is making millions off hydroxychloroquine and ivermectin, hacked data reveals https://theintercept.com/2021/09/28/covid-telehealth-hydroxychloroquine-ivermectin-hacked/

Following our video last week that showed that a non-peer reviewed preprint co-authored by BMJ editor, Peter Doshi, used P-Hacking combined with apples to oranges comparisons to fool people into thinking a significant effect has occurred when it really hadn't, Professor Norman Fenton targeted me with a series of tweets and a blog post. In this video Dr Susan Oliver and Cindy the dog go back to the science to rebut his criticisms. Buy me a coffee https://www.buymeacoffee.com/SusanAndJulie Chapters: 0:00 Introduction 0:52 Prof Norman Fenton’s Tweets 3:41 Response to Norman Fenton’s blog 4:59 Fenton redefines P-hacking 7:30 Brighton collaboration??? 9:35 Fenton’s penis obsession 11:03 Serious adverse event definition 12:21 Apples to oranges comparison ignored by Fenton 14:44 Is Fenton a misogynist? Professor Greg Tucker-Kellogg’s channel @Biotech and Bioinformatics with Prof Greg https://www.youtube.com/c/BiotechandBioinformaticswithProfGreg Links to data: Peter Doshi vs. COVID-19 vaccines, the latest round https://respectfulinsolence.com/2022/06/29/peter-doshi-vs-covid-19-vaccines-the-latest-round/ Norman Fenton: “It’s not p-hacking if you don’t use p-values.” https://respectfulinsolence.com/2022/07/01/norman-fenton-its-not-p-hacking-if-you-dont-use-p-values/ Apples, Oranges, and How Not to Analyze a Vaccine RCT https://sciencebasedmedicine.org/dont-do-this/ Response to Susan Oliver video “Antivaxxers fooled by p-hacking and apples to oranges comparison” https://probabilityandlaw.blogspot.com/2022/06/response-to-susan-oliver-video.html Serious Adverse Events of Special Interest Following mRNA Vaccination in Randomized Trials (Preprint) https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4125239

A number of antivaxxers, including Dr Jordan B Peterson and Toby Young, are claiming that a non-peer reviewed preprint co-authored by BMJ editor, Peter Doshi, shows that vaccines cause more harm than good. The preprint doesn’t show that. In fact, it doesn’t really show anything at all. In this video, Dr Susan Oliver, assisted by Cindy the dog, go back to the science to reveal that the authors use P-Hacking combined with apples to oranges comparisons to fool people into thinking a significant effect has occurred when it really hasn't. If you would like more details about issues with this paper as well as Peter Doshi's history of spreading medical misinformation, please see the following: Peter Doshi vs. COVID-19 vaccines, the latest round https://respectfulinsolence.com/2022/06/29/peter-doshi-vs-covid-19-vaccines-the-latest-round/ Studies show that the benefits of COVID-19 vaccines outweigh their risks; preprint claiming to show otherwise is flawed https://healthfeedback.org/claimreview/studies-benefits-of-covid-19-vaccines-outweigh-risks-preprint-flawed-daily-sceptic/?fs=e&s=cl Professor Norman Fenton has now weighed in with a so-called debunking of my video. Please see the following rebuttal of his claims: Norman Fenton: “It’s not p-hacking if you don’t use p-values.” https://respectfulinsolence.com/2022/07/01/norman-fenton-its-not-p-hacking-if-you-dont-use-p-values/ Buy me a coffee https://www.buymeacoffee.com/SusanAndJulie Chapters: 0:00 Introduction 0:39 Misinformation on Twitter 2:56 What is P-Hacking? 3:45 SAESI Preprint 4:19 P-Hacking technique used in preprint 7:01 Double counting adverse events 8:18 Apples to oranges comparison 10:46 Lives saved from vaccination 11:26 Summary Links to data: The Extent and Consequences of P-Hacking in Science https://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/article?id=10.1371/journal.pbio.1002106 Serious Adverse Events of Special Interest Following mRNA Vaccination in Randomized Trials (Preprint) https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4125239 Global impact of the first year of COVID-19 vaccination: a mathematical modelling study https://www.thelancet.com/journals/laninf/article/PIIS1473-3099(22)00320-6/fulltext

Dr Pierre Kory and a number of other antivaxxers have recently made some misleading claims regarding athlete deaths following vaccination, specifically in football (soccer) players. The misleading claims come from a website known as goodsciencing, which would be better named as badsciencing. In this video, Dr Susan Oliver and Cindy the pretend unicorn go back to the science and show that they lying about both the people who have died in the past and the people who are dying now. And they are also lying about their vaccine status. In the vast majority of cases, they have no evidence whether they were vaccinated or not. Buy me a coffee https://www.buymeacoffee.com/SusanAndJulie Chapters: 0:00 Introduction 1:04 Pierre Kory claims 2:38 Football deaths before pandemic 3:44 Goodsciencing website 5:16 Misrepresentation of prior year data 8:23 Misrepresentation of current data 14:32 Risk of death by age 15:24 Summary Links to data: Sudden cardiac death in athletes: the Lausanne Recommendations https://academic.oup.com/eurjpc/article/13/6/859/5932831 Sudden Deaths in Young Competitive Athletes - Analysis of 1866 Deaths in the United States, 1980–2006 https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/circulationaha.108.804617 FIFA Sudden Death Registry (FIFA-SDR): a prospective, observational study of sudden death in worldwide football from 2014 to 2018 https://bjsm.bmj.com/content/56/2/80.long Sudden Unexpected Death in Epilepsy (SUDEP) https://www.cdc.gov/epilepsy/communications/features/sudep.htm Risk of death by age and sex http://www.bandolier.org.uk/booth/Risk/dyingage.html

For years people believed autism was caused vaccines thanks to a fraudulent paper published by Andrew Wakefield. We now know from numerous studies that it’s not true. In this video, Dr Susan Oliver and Cindy the dog go back to science, and explain how scientists are able to use databases like VAERS and the Yellow Card scheme to distinguish between adverse events caused by vaccines and adverse events that are just coincidences. Buy me a coffee https://www.buymeacoffee.com/SusanAndJulie Chapters: 0:00 Introduction 0:14 Vaccines and autism 1:59 Nocebo effect 5:21 VAERS and Yellow Card Scheme 7:10 Crazy VAERS reports 9:54 Neurological events after vaccine or infection 13:29 Athletes and cardiac arrests 14:43 Summary Links to data: Lancet retracts 12-year-old article linking autism to MMR vaccines https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2831678/ A timeline of the Wakefield retraction https://www.nature.com/articles/nm0310-248b Autism: I was diagnosed at 60 https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20220405-the-life-changing-diagnosis-of-autism-in-later-life Frequency of Adverse Events in the Placebo Arms of COVID-19 Vaccine Trials - A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/2788172 Adverse events of active and placebo groups in SARS-CoV-2 vaccine randomized trials: A systematic review https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanepe/article/PIIS2666-7762(21)00239-8/fulltext Spreadsheet of crazy VAERS reports https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1cM7y0QMfgRDJgF7REMV3LgAoR6Bm4s-vOKkSx3T5MhE/edit#gid=0 Association between covid-19 vaccination, SARS-CoV-2 infection, and risk of immune mediated neurological events: population based cohort and self-controlled case series analysis https://www.bmj.com/content/376/bmj-2021-068373 FIFA Sudden Death Registry (FIFA-SDR): a prospective, observational study of sudden death in worldwide football from 2014 to 2018 https://bjsm.bmj.com/content/56/2/80.long

Dr Susan Oliver assisted by Cindy the dog looks at the scientific evidence for apple cider vinegar and weight loss. They go back to the science and look at how much weight you can expect to lose, how it works, how to take it, when to take it, and how to avoid tooth erosion and decay. Buy me a coffee or Cindy a treat https://www.buymeacoffee.com/SusanAndJulie Chapters: 0:00 Introduction 1:22 Apple cider vinegar active ingredient 2:28 Clinical trial weight loss results 5:46 No effect on energy expenditure 7:07 Improves glucose response 9:19 How to consume apple cider vinegar 11:10 Avoiding tooth decay 12:36 Summary Links to data: Previous video explaining systematic reviews https://youtu.be/v_1mmnRm7EU Vinegar intake reduces body weight, body fat mass, and serum triglyceride levels in obese Japanese subjects https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19661687/ Acetic Acid Supplementation: Effect on Resting and Exercise Energy Expenditure and Substrate Utilization https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34055150/ Vinegar consumption can attenuate postprandial glucose and insulin responses; a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28292654/ Examination of the antiglycemic properties of vinegar in healthy adults https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20068289/ Commercial Vinegar Tablets Do Not Display the Same Physiological Benefits for Managing Postprandial Glucose Concentrations as Liquid Vinegar https://www.hindawi.com/journals/jnme/2020/9098739/ Evidence That Daily Vinegar Ingestion May Contribute to Erosive Tooth Wear in Adults https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33297831/

We are currently seeing an unprecedented monkeypox outbreak. There's a lot of things we know about the monkeypox virus. It's not a new virus. It was first discovered in 1958 in lab monkeys, hence the name Monkeypox. And it was first detected in humans in 1970. However, even though we know a lot, we definitely can’t say with certainty what the eventual outcome of the current outbreak will be. In this video, Dr Susan Oliver goes back to the science to explain why we don’t know yet. Since I recorded this video, Dr John Campbell has released a rather bizarre video that seems to be suggesting that the Wuhan Institute of Virology may have had a role in the current monkeypox outbreak (although he doesn't specifically say this - just plants the seed for conspiracy theorists to grow). In this video, I cover the many possible reasons why we are seeing unprecedented spread of monkeypox. Needless to say, a lab leak isn't one of them. Buy me a coffee https://www.buymeacoffee.com/SusanAndJulie Chapters: 0:00 Introduction 1:52 Possible reasons for increased monkeypox transmission 2:50 Has monkeypox virus mutated? 3:40 Myxomatosis virus mutation 4:31 Evidence for monkeypox virus mutation 6:30 Population differences from previous outbreaks 7:55 Monkeypox waning immunity 9:15 Smallpox vaccine protection 11:35 New monkeypox animal reservoir? 12:07 Summary Links to data: Myxomatosis in Australia and Europe: A model for emerging infectious diseases https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0166354212000319 Multi-country outbreak of Monkeypox virus: genetic divergence and first signs of microevolution https://virological.org/t/multi-country-outbreak-of-monkeypox-virus-genetic-divergence-and-first-signs-of-microevolution/806 Immunity from Smallpox Vaccine Persists for Decades: A Longitudinal Study https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0002934308008401 The changing epidemiology of human monkeypox—A potential threat? A systematic review https://journals.plos.org/plosntds/article?id=10.1371/journal.pntd.0010141

Dr John Campbell has been minimising the effects of Covid. Whilst early in the pandemic he took Covid seriously, ever since Omicron arrived, he has been claiming it is now a mild disease, that we don’t need to worry about, and even going so far as to suggest that getting infected is now a good thing because it generates “natural immunity”. In a recent video, he not only claims that Omicron is milder than previous variants but that BA2 is even milder still. Dr Susan Oliver goes Back to the Science to explain the science that he is ignoring in making these claims – confounders. Buy me a coffee https://www.buymeacoffee.com/SusanAndJulie Links to data: The downside of “natural” immunity (The Science) https://youtu.be/XzyAvW34QAc SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant is as Deadly as Previous Waves After Adjusting for Vaccinations, Demographics, and Comorbidities https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-1601788/v1

More Pfizer documents have now been released by the FDA as the result of a freedom of information (FOI) request. The latest is the Pfizer data release of May 2022. And the claims being made by antivaxxers about the documents are just getting crazier. In this video, Dr Susan Oliver goes back to the science to debunk one of those claims and that is a claim relating to safety data and pregnancy. Buy me a coffee https://www.buymeacoffee.com/SusanAndJulie Chapters 0:00 Introduction 0:50 Information being shared 2:37 Original CDC pregnancy advice 3:12 Not from Pfizer FOI documents 4:23 Animal trial data updated 5:47 Animal trial data details 7:18 Human studies in pregnancy and lactation 8:37 Summary Links to information CDC information on Vaccination Considerations for People who are Pregnant or Breastfeeding released on 15 December 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20201216014035/https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/vaccines/recommendations/pregnancy.html Information for UK Healthcare Professionals on Pfizer/BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine - Updated 8 December 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20201208152320/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-pfizer-biontech-vaccine-for-covid-19/information-for-healthcare-professionals-on-pfizerbiontech-covid-19-vaccine#pharmaceutical-particulars Information for UK Healthcare Professionals on Pfizer/BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine - Updated 31 December 2020 https://web.archive.org/web/20210102110128/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/regulatory-approval-of-pfizer-biontech-vaccine-for-covid-19/information-for-healthcare-professionals-on-pfizerbiontech-covid-19-vaccine#clinical-particulars Lack of effects on female fertility and prenatal and postnatal offspring development in rats with BNT162b2, a mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccine https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0890623821000800 Systematic review of the safety, immunogenicity, and effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines in pregnant and lactating individuals and their infants https://obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ijgo.14008 NEW PUBLISHED PAPER: Systematic review and meta-analysis of the effectiveness and perinatal outcomes of COVID-19 vaccination in pregnancy https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-022-30052-w?s=09

A recently published paper called “Increased emergency cardiovascular events among under-40 population in Israel during vaccine rollout and third COVID-19 wave” is currently doing the rounds with many antivaxxers claiming that it shows that vaccines increase cardiovascular events, including cardiac arrests and acute coronary syndrome, in those under 40. It has also been covered uncritically by Dr Moran and Dr Mobeen (Drbeen). In this video, Dr Susan Oliver goes Back to the Science and shows that the paper is heavily flawed and doesn’t support the claims being made. Buy me a coffee https://www.buymeacoffee.com/SusanAndJulie Chapters 0:00 Introduction 0:42 Not published in Nature 3:49 Comparison to previous years 5:11 Unexplained variation 8:54 Increase in cardiovascular events after COVID 10:51 Calls not related to cardiac issues 12:41 Acute coronary syndrome – not the full story 15:10 Better data from hospital study 16:35 16-39 female data cherry-picked 17:28 Summary Links to data: Increased emergency cardiovascular events among under-40 population in Israel during vaccine rollout and third COVID-19 wave https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-10928-z Israel ministry of health document (in Hebrew) https://www.gov.il/BlobFolder/reports/vaccine-efficacy-safety-follow-up-committee/he/files_publications_corona_cardiac-arrest-acute-coronary-syndrome-mda.pdf Long-term cardiovascular outcomes of COVID-19 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-022-01689-3 Safety of the BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 Vaccine in a Nationwide Setting https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/nejmoa2110475

A number of people are claiming that ivermectin cures cancer. However, the people making this claim are not understanding the limitations of in vitro research. False cancer cure claims are particularly dangerous because often, by the time people realise that the claims are false, it's too late for them to use proven treatments. In this video, Dr Susan Oliver will be going to Back to the Science and explaining why in vitro research can't predict what will happen in the body. Buy me a coffee https://www.buymeacoffee.com/SusanAndJulie Links to data: Ivermectin has New Application in Inhibiting Colorectal Cancer Cell Growth https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2021.717529/full Water Soluble Antioxidant Dextran–Quercetin Conjugate with Potential Anticancer Properties https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/mabi.201700239 Ivermectin as a potential COVID-19 treatment from the pharmacokinetic point of view: antiviral levels are not likely attainable with known dosing regimens https://doi.org/10.1080/13102818.2020.1775118 Ivermectin converts cold tumors hot and synergizes with immune checkpoint blockade for treatment of breast cancer https://www.nature.com/articles/s41523-021-00229-5

The ivermectin arm of the TOGETHER Trial, which was undertaken in Brazil, was recently published in the New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM) and is the largest randomised controlled trial of ivermectin to date. Unlike the flawed trial undertaken in Itajai, which was discussed in part 1 and touted by ivermectin fans, such as Dr John Campbell and Dr Pierre Kory from the FLCCC, the TOGETHER Trial showed no benefit for ivermectin. Not happy with this, a number of ivermectin proponents have levelled numerous criticisms. In this video, Dr Susan Oliver goes back to the science and addresses these criticisms and shows why they are not valid. Ivermectin in Brazil – A tale of two studies (Part 1 - Itajai) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zXq6NAZ1mls Buy me a coffee https://www.buymeacoffee.com/SusanAndJulie Links to data: Ivermectin Prophylaxis Used for COVID-19: A Citywide, Prospective, Observational Study of 223,128 Subjects Using Propensity Score Matching https://www.cureus.com/articles/82162-ivermectin-prophylaxis-used-for-covid-19-a-citywide-prospective-observational-study-of-223128-subjects-using-propensity-score-matching Effect of Early Treatment with Ivermectin among Patients with Covid-19 https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2115869 Efficacy of Ivermectin Treatment on Disease Progression Among Adults With Mild to Moderate COVID-19 and Comorbidities - The I-TECH Randomized Clinical Trial https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/fullarticle/2789362 Effect of early treatment with fluvoxamine on risk of emergency care and hospitalisation among patients with COVID-19: the TOGETHER randomised, platform clinical trial https://www.thelancet.com/journals/langlo/article/PIIS2214-109X(21)00448-4/fulltext