What were Humans doing 10,000 years ago?
In this video, we will talk about what humans were doing over 10,000 years ago. From the forests of Europe to the origins of agriculture in the Middle East. We talk about technology, culture and archaeology of this time.
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The End of the Megafauna?
This video is about the extinction of the megafauna in California over 12,000 years ago.
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Homo Antecessor - Ancient Human
#paleoanthropology #human #ancienthuman
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Sources: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1JeIpMIZsGujMXB8kvYjioU3paY34Ew9XOmsws3T78pY/edit?usp=sharing
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The Entire History of the Stone Age in 10 Minutes
#paleoanthropology #human #ancienthuman
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Sources: Aterian
Vermeersch, Pierre (2000). "The Nubian Complex and the Dispersal of Modern Humans in North Africa". In Krzyżaniak, Lech; Kroeper, Karla; Kobusiewicz, Michał (eds.). Recent Research into the Stone Age of Northeastern Africa. ISBN 83-907529-6-4 – via ResearchGate.
Bouzouggar, Abdeljalil; Barton, Nick; Vanhaeren, Marian; d'Errico, Francesco; Collcutt, Simon; Higham, Tom; Hodge, Edward; Parfitt, Simon; Rhodes, Edward (2007-06-12). "82,000-year-old shell beads from North Africa and implications for the origins of modern human behavior". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 104(24): 9964–9969. doi:10.1073/pnas.0703877104. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 1891266. PMID 17548808.
Burial in Kenya
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-021-03457-8.epdf?sharing_token=dLQsjVl_MDvu1Thp4eyqsNRgN0jAjWel9jnR3ZoTv0PDOY-N7vIU2RJecrz01P7T8P2LR4egxF2C6ywJH_YsqDRqgOC993L6OV7cJNEC58wmBsM8hWsrW5fJL05fcbK-hQwDAhPXBNXZ28rhWVlvFNFwPTTfCZmj0cerPIV3w38miX-glCi1NQun2TaRiDVasonk0jvbBLIk_jBjGZlGi7GZCzRu0FgjmaOTWjBgNpI%3D&tracking_referrer=www.abc.net.au
Longi
Ji, Qiang; Wu, Wensheng; Ji, Yannan; Li, Qiang; Ni, Xijun (2021-06-25). "Late Middle Pleistocene Harbin cranium represents a new Homo species". The Innovation. 2 (3): 100132. Bibcode:2021Innov...200132J. doi:10.1016/j.xinn.2021.100132. ISSN 2666-6758. PMC 8454552. PMID 34557772.
Chen, F.; Welker, F.; Shen, C.-C.; et al. (2019). "A late Middle Pleistocene Denisovan mandible from the Tibetan Plateau" (PDF). Nature. 569 (7756): 409–412. Bibcode:2019Natur.569..409C. doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1139-x. PMID 31043746. S2CID 141503768.
Ni, X.; Ji, Q.; Wu, W.; et al. (2021). "Massive cranium from Harbin in northeastern China establishes a new Middle Pleistocene human lineage". The Innovation. 2 (3): 100130. Bibcode:2021Innov...200130N. doi:10.1016/j.xinn.2021.100130. ISSN 2666-6758. PMC 8454562. PMID 34557770. S2CID 236784246.
Denisovan
Shout out Stefan Milo!
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NNusMHoSdss
Teixeira, João C., et al. “Widespread Denisovan Ancestry in Island Southeast Asia but No Evidence of Substantial Super-Archaic Hominin Admixture.” Nature Ecology & Evolution, vol. 5, no. 5, 2021, pp. 616–624., https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-021-01....
Rizal, Yan, et al. “Last Appearance of Homo Erectus at Ngandong, Java, 117,000–108,000 Years Ago.” Nature, vol. 577, no. 7790, 2019, pp. 381–385., https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-18....
Luzonensis
Détroit, F.; Mijares, A. S.; Corny, J.; Daver, G.; Zanolli, C.; Dizon, E.; Robles, E.; Grün, R. & Piper, P. J. (2019). "A new species of Homo from the Late Pleistocene of the Philippines" (PDF). Nature. 568 (7751): 181–186. Bibcode:2019Natur.568..181D. doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1067-9. PMID 30971845. S2CID 106411053.
Wade, L. (April 10, 2019). "New species of ancient human unearthed in the Philippines". Science. 364. doi:10.1126/science.aax6501. S2CID 189045520.
Homo floresiensis
Sutikna, Thomas; Tocheri, Matthew W.; et al. (30 March 2016). "Revised stratigraphy and chronology for Homo floresiensis at Liang Bua in Indonesia". Nature. 532 (7599): 366–9. Bibcode:2016Natur.532..366S. doi:10.1038/nature17179. PMID 27027286. S2CID 4469009.
Brumm, A.; van den Bergh, G. D.; Storey, M.; Kurniawan, I.; Alloway, B. V.; Setiawan, R.; Setiyabudi, E.; Grün, R.; Moore, M. W.; Yurnaldi, D.; Puspaningrum, M. R.; Wibowo, U. P.; Insani, H.; Sutisna, I.; Westgate, J. A.; Pearce, N. J. G.; Duval, M.; Meijer, H. J. M.; Aziz, F.; Sutikna, T.; van der Kaars, S.; Flude, S.; Morwood, M. J. (8 June 2016). "Age and context of the oldest known hominin fossils from Flores" (PDF). Nature. 534(7606): 249–253. Bibcode:2016Natur.534..249B. doi:10.1038/nature17663. PMID 27279222. S2CID 28608179.
Berger, L. R.; Churchill, S. E.; et al. (2008). "Small-Bodied Humans from Palau, Micronesia". PLOS ONE. 3 (3): e1780. Bibcode:2008PLoSO...3.1780B. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0001780. PMC 2268239. PMID 18347737.
More sources available on my doc
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Unraveling the mystery of the Younger Dryas: Ice Age, Megafauna, and Human Civilization
#paleoanthropology #human #ancienthuman
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Sources:
All of my sources are located beneath their corresponding sentence on this document, enjoy!
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1m1QGmxZ8sBOxH5dSRxlJiWQpAeCb7JXEp5H0r0YjEGY/edit?usp=sharing
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How Old did Ancient Humans Get? #ancienthuman #history #human #neanderthal #paleoanthropology
#paleoanthropology #human #ancienthuman
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A Neanderthal Odyssey: Everything We Know about the Neanderthals
#neanderthal #human #ancienthuman
In this documentary, we discuss everything we know about the enigmatic Neanderthals. We dive deep into the latest scientific discoveries, archaeological findings, and genetic research to uncover the truths about Neanderthals. Through expert interviews, immersive visuals, and engaging storytelling, we shed light on their physical characteristics, intelligence, social structures, and cultural achievements.
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Sources: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1_ff0l6zC_u48NOhZbR0a1WeQcZC9sAeckZ3qryS8VCE/edit?usp=sharing
I need to update this document because other viewers cannot see the comments which Is where the sources are. I will paste these sources into the document Tomorrow.
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(0:00) Introduction
(1:13) Origins
(12:02) Anatomy
(28:26) Technology
(34:02) Points
(39:50) Hafting
(44:13) Wooden tools
(55:30) Use of Fire
(1:05:37) Clothing
(1:14:40) Hunting
(1:45:46) Dynamic World
(1:58:25) Culture
(2:09:55) Warfare
(2:12:40) Art and Symbolism
(2:28:08) Spirituality
(2:39:06) Compassion
(2:48:50) Interactions with Homo sapien
(2:54:53) Hybridization
(2:59:46) Extinction
(3:06:35) Genetic Persistence
(3:14:00) Conclusion
(3:14:47) Authors Noteo
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Running into Other Human Species?
#paleoanthropology #human #ancienthuman
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Sources:
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Someone Stabbed a Cave Bear 35,000 Years Ago!
#paleoanthropology #human #ancienthuman
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Cannibal Neanderthals?
#paleoanthropology #human #ancienthuman
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Sources:
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Are Chimps in the Stone Age??
#chimpanzee #human #ancienthuman
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Sources: none for shorts, watch the full vid
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The Perplexing Prehistory of the Sahara
#paleoanthropology #human #ancienthuman
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Sources:
D’Atanasio, E., Trombetta, B., Bonito, M. et al. The peopling of the last Green Sahara revealed by high-coverage resequencing of trans-Saharan patrilineages. Genome Biol19, 20 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13059-018-1393-5
Dommain, René; Riedl, Simon; Olaka, Lydia A.; deMenocal, Peter; Deino, Alan L.; Owen, R. Bernhart; Muiruri, Veronica; Müller, Johannes; Potts, Richard; Strecker, Manfred R. (12 July 2022). "Holocene bidirectional river system along the Kenya Rift and its influence on East African faunal exchange and diversity gradients". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 119 (28): e2121388119. doi:10.1073/pnas.2121388119. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 9282390. PMID 35759654. S2CID 250090985.
"New insights into the termination of the African Humid Period (5.5 ka BP) in central Ethiopia from detailed analysis of a diatom record" (PDF). Journal of Paleolimnology. 61 (1): 99–110. Bibcode:2019JPall..61...99R. doi:10.1007/s10933-018-0047-7. ISSN 1573-0417. S2CID 134871122.
McGee, David; deMenocal, Peter B. (20 November 2017). "Climatic Changes and Cultural Responses During the African Humid Period Recorded in Multi-Proxy Data". Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Climate Science. Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Climate Science.
Coulson, David; Campbell, Alec. "Rock Art of the Tassili n'Ajjer, Algeria" (PDF). AfricanRockArt.org.
Soukopova, Jitka (2017). "Central Saharan rock art: Considering the kettles and cupules". Journal of Arid Environments. 143: 10. Bibcode:2017JArEn.143...10S. doi:10.1016/j.jaridenv.2016.12.011.
Soukopova, Jitka (Jan 16, 2013). Round Heads: The Earliest Rock Paintings in the Sahara. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. p. 38. ISBN 9781443845793.
Rowland, Joanne M. (2021). Revolutions The Neolithisation of the Mediterranean Basin: The Transition to Food Producing Economics in North Africa, Southern Europe and the Levant. Giulio Lucarini, Geoffrey J. Tassie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Excellence Cluster Topoi (1. Auflage ed.). Berlin. ISBN 978-3-9819685-6-9. OCLC 1265037731.
Duque-Villegas, Mateo; Claussen, Martin; Brovkin, Victor; Kleinen, Thomas (22 August 2022). "Effects of orbital forcing, greenhouse gases and ice sheets on Saharan greening in past and future multi-millennia". Climate of the Past. 18 (8): 1897–1914. doi:10.5194/cp-18-1897-2022. ISSN 1814-9324. S2CID 251465373.
Soriano, S.; Tribolo, Ch; Maggetti, M.; Ozainne, S.; Ballouche, A.; Fahmy, A.; Neumann, K.; Lespez, L.; Rasse, M.; Huysecom, E. (2009). "The emergence of pottery in Africa during the tenth millennium cal BC: new evidence from Ounjougou (Mali)". Antiquity. 83 (322): 905–917.
Stivers, Jeffrey P.; Dutheil, Didier B.; Moots, Hannah M.; Cocca, Enzo; N'siala, Isabella Massamba; Giraudi, Carlo; Kaye, Thomas G.; Stafford, Thomas W. Jr.; Mercuri, Anna Maria (14 August 2008). "Lakeside Cemeteries in the Sahara: 5000 Years of Holocene Population and Environmental Change". PLOS ONE. 3 (8): e2995. Bibcode:2008PLoSO...3.2995S. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0002995. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 2515196. PMID 18701936.
di Lernia, S. (2022). Saharan Hunter-Gatherers: Specialization and Diversification in Holocene Southwestern Libya (1st ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003083580
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The Fascinating Origins of Hominins
#paleoanthropology #human #humanorigins
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1
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How many Species of Human were there?
#paleoanthropology #human #ancienthuman
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29
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What is a Human?
#paleoanthropology #human #ancienthuman
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16
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The Oldest Artifacts
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28
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Cannibalism in Prehistory
#paleoanthropology #human #ancienthuman
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56
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The Old Copper Culture of North America
#paleoanthropology #human #nativeamerican
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Saraceni, Jessica Esther. “Native American Copper Use in North America Re-Dated.” Archaeology Magazine, https://www.archaeology.org/news/9536-210322-old-copper-culture.
“MVAC Home.” UW, https://www.uwlax.edu/mvac/pre-european-people/archaic-tradition/old-copper-culture/
Administrator. “Southeastern Plumets.” Peach State Archaeological Society, http://peachstatearchaeologicalsociety.org/index.php/20-copper-artifacts/316-old-copper-culture.
Ancient Native Americans Were among the World's First Coppersmiths ... https://www.science.org/content/article/ancient-native-americans-were-among-world-s-first-coppersmiths.
“Old Copper Culture.” Milwaukee Public Museum, https://www.mpm.edu/research-collections/anthropology/online-collections-research/old-copper-culture.
Pompeani, David P, et al. “On the Timing of the Old Copper Complex in North America: A Comparison of Radiocarbon Dates from Different Archaeological Contexts: Radiocarbon.” Cambridge Core, Cambridge University Press, 9 Mar. 2021, https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/radiocarbon/article/abs/on-the-timing-of-the-old-copper-complex-in-north-america-a-comparison-of-radiocarbon-dates-from-different-archaeological-contexts/E46715993E58EDC94F225CC6FE776CF2.
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48
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What were Humans doing 1,000,000 years ago?
#paleoanthropology #human #ancienthuman
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1
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The Toba Supervolcano
#paleoanthropology #human #ancienthuman
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Sources:
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SH;, Ambrose. “Late Pleistocene Human Population Bottlenecks, Volcanic Winter, and Differentiation of Modern Humans.” Journal of Human Evolution, U.S. National Library of Medicine, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9650103/.
UCT_news. “Modern Humans Flourished through Ancient Supervolcano Eruption 74,000 Years Ago.” EurekAlert!, https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/523443.
Ge, Yong, and Xing Gao. “Understanding the Overestimated Impact of the Toba Volcanic Super-Eruption on Global Environments and Ancient Hominins.” Quaternary International, Pergamon, 28 July 2020, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1040618220303335.
Williams, Martin. “The ~73 ka Toba super-eruption and its impact: History of a debate” Quaternary International May 2012 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S104061821100485X
Hawks, John. “The so-Called Toba Bottleneck Didn't Happen.” John Hawks Weblog, 9 Feb. 2018, https://johnhawks.net/weblog/reviews/climate/toba-bottleneck-didnt-happen-2018.html.
Costa, Antonio, et al. “The Magnitude and Impact of the Youngest Toba Tuff Super-Eruption.” Frontiers, Frontiers, 1 Jan. 1AD, https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2014.00016/full.
Rampino, Michael R.; Self, Stephen (1993). "Climate–Volcanism Feedback and the Toba Eruption of ~74,000 Years ago" (PDF). Quaternary Research. 40 (3): 269–280. Bibcode:1993QuRes..40..269R
Oppenheimer, Clive (August 2002), "Limited global change due to largest known Quaternary eruption, Toba ≈74 kyr BP?", Quaternary Science Reviews, 21 (14–15): 1593–1609, Bibcode:2002QSRv...21.1593O, doi:10.1016/S0277-3791(01)00154-8
Robock, A.; Ammann, C.M.; Oman, L.; Shindell, D.; Levis, S.; Stenchikov, G. (2009). "Did the Toba Volcanic Eruption of ~74k BP Produce Widespread Glaciation?". Journal of Geophysical Research. 114 (D10): D10107. Bibcode:2009JGRD..11410107R. doi:10.1029/2008JD011652
Williams, Martin. “The ~73 ka Toba super-eruption and its impact: History of a debate” Quaternary International May 2012 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S104061821100485X
Zielinski, G.A.; Mayewski, P.A.; Meeker, L.D.; Whitlow, S.; Twickler, M.S.; Taylor, K. (1996). "Potential Atmospheric Impact of the Toba Mega‐Eruption ~71,000 years ago" (PDF). Geophysical Research Letters. 23 (8): 837–840. Bibcode:1996GeoRL..23..837Z. doi:10.1029/96GL00706. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 18, 2011.
Robock, A.; Ammann, C.M.; Oman, L.; Shindell, D.; Levis, S.; Stenchikov, G. (2009). "Did the Toba Volcanic Eruption of ~74k BP Produce Widespread Glaciation?". Journal of Geophysical Research. 114 (D10): D10107. Bibcode:2009JGRD..11410107R. doi:10.1029/2008JD01165
Smith, Eugene I., et al. “Humans Thrived in South Africa through the Toba Eruption about 74,000 Years Ago.” Nature News, Nature Publishing Group, 12 Mar. 2018, https://www.nature.com/articles/nature25967.
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54
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What Happened on Easter Island?
#paleoanthropology #human #ancienthuman
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Owsley, Douglas W.; et al. (1994). "Biological effects of European contact on Easter Island". In C.S. Larson; G.R. Milner (eds.). In the Wake of Contact: Biological Responses to Conquest.
DiNapoli, R J, Crema, E R, Lipo, C P, et al. (2021). "Approximate Bayesian Computation of radiocarbon and paleoenvironmental record shows population resilience on Rapa Nui (Easter Island)". Nature Communications.
Beck, J. Warren (2003), "Mata Ki Te Rangi: Eyes towards the Heavens"
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Diamond 2005, pp. 103–107
Awes, Maria, and Andy Awes. “Mystery of Easter Island.” NOVA, season 39, episode 3, PBS, 7 Nov. 2012.
Hamilton, Sue. “Rapa Nui (Easter Island)’s Stone Worlds.” Archaeology International, vol. 16, 24 Oct. 2013, pp. 96-109.
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“Easter Island History: Imagina Easter Island.” Imagina Rapa Nui Easter Island, 6 Oct. 2021, https://imaginarapanui.com/en/easter-island-history/.
Magazine, Smithsonian. “The Secrets of Easter Island.” Smithsonian.com, Smithsonian Institution, 1 Mar. 2002, https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/the-secrets-of-easter-island-59989046/.
“Moai.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 27 Aug. 2022, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moai#1722–1868_toppling_of_the_moai.
Thomas, Mike Seager. “Stone Use and Avoidance on Easter Island: Red Scoria from the Topknot Quarry at Puna Pau and Other Sources.” Archaeology in Oceania, vol. 49, no. 2, 10 Apr. 2014, pp. 95-109.
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Hunt, Terry L., and Carl P. Lipo. The Statues That Walked: Unraveling the Mystery of Easter Island. Simon and Schuster, 2011.
Lipo, Carl P., et al. “The ‘Walking’ Megalithic Statues (Moai) of Easter Island.” Journal of Archaeological Science, vol. 40, no. 6, June 2013, pp. 2859-2866.
Richards, Colin, et al. “Road My Body Goes: Re-Creating Ancestors from Stone at the Greatmoaiquarry of Rano Raraku, Rapa Nui (Easter Island).” World Archaeology, vol. 43, no. 2, 14 July 2011, pp. 191-210.
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367
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Fishing in Prehistory
#paleoanthropology #human #ancienthuman
Start playing Fishing Clash for free on your iOS/Android device by downloading it via my link https://fishingclash.link/NORTH02. Use my promo code NORTH02 to get an awesome starter pack (available for new players only).
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Sources:
Braun, D., et al. 2010 Early hominin diet included diverse terrestrial and aquatic animals 1.95 Maagoin East Turkana, Kenya. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 107:10002–10007
Stewart, K. 1994 Early hominid utilization of fish resources and implications for seasonality and behaviour. J. Hum. Evol. 27:229–245.
M. Pante et al. Bone tools from Beds II-IV, Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania, and implications for the origins and evolution of bone technology. Journal of Human Evolution. Vol. 148, November 2020, p. 102885. doi: 10.1016/j.jhevol.2020.102885.
Isaac, G. (1971). "The diet of early man: Aspects of archaeological evidence from lower and middle Pleistocene sites in Africa"
Zilhao et. al (2020) Last Interglacial Iberian Neandertals as Fisher-Hunter-Gatherers - Science. https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.aaz7943.
Henshilwood CS, d'Errico F, Marean CW, Milo RG, Yates R. An early bone tool industry from the Middle Stone Age at Blombos Cave, South Africa: implications for the origins of modern human behaviour, symbolism and language. J Hum Evol. 2001 Dec;41(6):631-78. doi: 10.1006/jhev.2001.0515. PMID: 11782112.
Corbyn, Z. Archaeologists land world's oldest fish hook. Nature (2011). https://doi.org/10.1038/nature.2011.9461
Bernhard, G., J. Beran, S. Hanik, and R. S. Sommer 2013 A Palaeolithic fishhook made of ivory and the earliest fishhook tradition in Europe. J. Archaeol. Sci. 40:2458–2463.
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/03/180319120536.htm
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The Evolution of Human Height
#paleoanthropology #human #ancienthuman
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Sources:
Social and psychological effects of height
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.2466/pr0.1987.60.3.843?casa_token=a2panyvSWugAAAAA:NEW-SFevInuQLjISXd0LRrZ3bnF4u-EdtrF0jNyrQSGBDodorPcaNH8GUG8_ifyccJcLwGv7JTpKmA
Tyrrell J, Jones S E, Beaumont R, Astley C M, Lovell R, Yaghootkar H et al. Height, body mass index, and socioeconomic status: mendelian randomisation study in UK Biobank BMJ 2016; 352 :i582 doi:10.1136/bmj.i582
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16038772/
Height of europeans
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17003019/
Europeans descend from three groups
Lazaridis, I., Patterson, N., Mittnik, A. et al. Ancient human genomes suggest three ancestral populations for present-day Europeans. Nature 513, 409–413 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1038/nature13673
Gravettian hunter gatherers
https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rsos.161054
Dutch
Gert, Stulp, et al. “Does Natural Selection Favour Taller Stature among the Tallest People on Earth?” Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 7 May 2015, https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rspb.2015.0211.
Dinka
Roberts, D. F.; Bainbridge, D. R. (1963). "Nilotic physique". American Journal of Physical Anthropology
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Chali D (1995). "Anthropometric measurements of the Nilotic tribes in a refugee camp". Ethiopian Medical Journal.
Korean
https://www.theifod.com/why-are-south-koreans-taller-than-north-koreans/
https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-17774210
Pygmy
Becker, Noémie S.A.; Verdu, Paul; Froment, Alain; Le Bomin, Sylvie; Pagezy, Hélène; Bahuchet, Serge; Heyer, Evelyne (2011). "Indirect evidence for the genetic determination of short stature in African Pygmies"
O'Dea, Julian (December 21, 2009). "Ultraviolet light levels in the rainforest"
O'Dea, JD (January 1994). "Possible contribution of low ultraviolet light under the rainforest canopy to the small stature of Pygmies and Negritos"
Yong, Ed (19 December 2007). "Short lives, short size – why are pygmies small?"
Bozzola, M; Travaglino, P; Marziliano, N; Meazza, C; Pagani, S; Grasso, M; Tauber, M; Diegoli, M; Pilotto, A; Disabella, E; Tarantino, P; Brega, A; Arbustini, E (November 2009). "The shortness of Pygmies is associated with severe under-expression of the growth hormone receptor"
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Native American Trade Points
#paleoanthropology #human #ancienthuman
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Sources:
https://knowyourmeme.com/photos/2360522-source-i-made-it-up
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12
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